Comparison of Smartphone Application Utilization for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment as an Alternative Telemedicine Approach at Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
M. Fadlan Pulungan, Arya Tjipta, Frank Bietra Buchari, Putri Chairani Eyanoer, Kamal Basri Siregar, Heru Rahmadhany
Abstract: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most debilitating complications of diabetes mellitus, leading to high morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and increased risk of amputation. Accurate wound assessment is essential for optimal management; however, conventional manual measurement is often inaccurate and lacks standardization. Smartphone-based applications have emerged as a potential alternative within telemedicine, especially in resource-limited settings.
Analysis Of The Impact Of Maritime Transportation On Tanzania’s Economic Growth
Ramadhani Habibu Bukko and Dr. Welneld Ngongi
Abstract: This study examines the impact of maritime transportation on Tanzania’s economic growth, with a specific focus on Maersk Shipping Line. Maritime transport plays a critical role in facilitating trade, employment, and investment key drivers of economic development in coastal nations like Tanzania.
Comparison of Postoperative Serum Creatinine Levels Between On-Pump and Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Normal Preoperative Creatinine Levels at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan
M. Ali Adrian, Marshal, M. Ali Syahputra, Aznan Lelo, Frank Bietra Buchari, Denny Rifsal Siregar
Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) serving as the standard revascularization therapy. Two main surgical approaches are used: conventional CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (On Pump) and off-pump CABG (Off Pump). While the On Pump technique facilitates surgical exposure and precision, it may increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) through mechanisms such as hemodilution, non-pulsatile flow, and systemic inflammatory responses.
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among The Administrators At Moi University-College Of Health Sciences, Eldoret, Kenya
Godfrey Kibet, G; Manoah, B. O; Angava, M. O; Murungaru, E. W; Amondi, C. J; Mboje, P; Amaya, N; Ayumba, B. R
Abstract: Musculoskeletal disorders are a group of conditions that are typically characterized by pain (often persistent), stiffness, weakness and decreased range of motion. The main risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) among administrators include awkward posture, sustained body position, inappropriate furniture, and inadequate rest breaks.
The Determinants Of Truck Congestion Reduction In Tanzania Borders Crossing
Barnabas Mrope, Dr. Meli Mbeba
Abstract: This study involves the determinants of truck congestion reduction in Tanzania borders crossing. Guided by three objectives, it examines the effects of traffic management strategies, infrastructure upgrades, and digital clearance systems. Using a descriptive design and a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from a sample of 80 respondents.
"Assessment Of The Impact Of Advanced Technology On Inland Container Depots (ICDs) Operational Efficiency "
Robert Andrew, Dr. Julieth Koshuma
Abstract: Inland Container Depots (ICDs) are vital in enhancing trade logistics by decongesting seaports, facilitating customs clearance, and improving cargo flow. However, in Tanzania, ICDs face challenges of inefficiency, delays, and high operational costs, often linked to limited adoption of modern technologies. This study assesses the impact of advanced technology on the operational efficiency of Inland Container Depots (ICDs), using HESU Depot in Tanzania as a case study.
The Role of Corporate Governance in Enhancing Financial Performance During Economic Downturns: Evidence from Nigeria’s Food and Beverage Manufacturing Sector
Aminata Sheriff, Jie Zhou
Abstract: This study explores the role of corporate governance in shaping the financial performance of Nigeria food and beverage manufacturing sector during periods of economic downturn. With the increasing vulnerability of Nigerian firms to macroeconomic volatility characterized by inflation, currency instability, and reduced consumer spending, the need for effective governance structures has become more critical than ever. This research focuses on five major companies in the sector over a six-year period (2018–2024), analyzing how governance mechanisms such as board size, board independence, and ownership structure relate to financial indicators like Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Due to a limited number of observations (30), this study adopts a descriptive statistical approach to uncover patterns and trends, rather than infer causal relationships through regression. The analysis reveals that companies with larger boards and a higher proportion of independent directors tended to report more stable and higher average financial performance over time. Similarly, firms with concentrated ownership structures demonstrated relatively higher profitability, suggesting a possible connection between active shareholder control and performance during economic stress.
Using AI to Improve the Problem Definition of Information Systems Development
Arwa Y. Aleryani
Abstract: This study explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the early stages of information systems (IS) development, specifically in identifying system problems for system improvement and in finding solutions to problems that arise during the system lifecycle. The current study begins by reviewing traditional methods such as interviews, questionnaires, and modeling, highlighting their limitations in today complex and data-rich environments. The research adopts a descriptive methodology and combines a review of relevant literature with structured interviews with systems analysts to investigate the benefits and challenges of AI-based tools such as machine learning, natural language processing, and anomaly detection. The study findings reveal that while AI significantly enhances the accuracy, speed, and scalability of problem identification, its adoption faces challenges such as data quality issues, tool complexity, lack of training, and ethical concerns. The study concludes that integrating AI with - rather than replacing - human expertise provides the most effective approach to identifying IS problems, paving the way for the development of a more accurate, adaptive, and user-friendly system.
Artificial Intelligence based Symptom Analysis for Disease Prediction: A Phase 2 Field Study
Ankit Agarwal1, Shelley Saxena, Ravendra Singh, Vivek Mishra, Balendra Singh
Abstract: Symptom-based triage and risk assessment is often the first step in patient triage but can be highly subjective, time-consuming, and prone to error, especially in resource-limited settings. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can enhance triage and reduce errors in triage and risk assessment , especially in resource-limited settings. Sevamob provides artificial intelligence enabled healthcare platform to organizations and developed SymptomsAI, an AI system for disease prediction using symptoms of patients. It uses large language model for initial disease prediction based on patient symptoms and clinical data. To determine the accuracy of Sevamob SymptomsAI, we used an Android smartphone/tablet with the Sevamob app. The app was operated by a nurse.
ETL and Data Warehousing: Architecture, Vulnerabilities, and Security Mechanisms
Nitin Anand, Vatsala Sharma, Pardeep Singh
Abstract: Transferring data across storage types, formats, including computer systems is data migration. It crucial for system installation, upgrading, and consolidation. Due to various business demands, numerous sectors have prioritized it. The ETL procedure is crucial to data warehouse construction. Data is extracted from different operation kinds and loaded into a data warehouse in diverse contexts using numerous technological methods. This method combines data from diverse sources and operation kinds and converts nonstandard data into standard ones. Systems and techniques may analyze an underlying language structure within the source data integration framework to establish logical syntax. The rapid growth of data-driven decision-making in modern enterprises has increased the reliance on Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) processes and Data Warehousing systems. These components form the backbone of analytical and business intelligence operations by integrating, cleaning, and consolidating data from multiple sources into a unified repository. However, as the volume and complexity of data increase, so do the risks associated with unauthorized access, data leakage, and system vulnerabilities. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the architecture of ETL and Data Warehousing systems, highlighting the key stages, workflows, and technologies involved. It further examines common security vulnerabilities, including data breaches, insider threats, injection attacks, and configuration weaknesses that compromise data integrity and confidentiality. Finally, the study explores security mechanisms and best practices such as encryption, authentication, access control, auditing, and secure ETL pipeline design to mitigate these threats. The analysis emphasizes the importance of embedding security measures throughout the data lifecycle to ensure trustworthy and resilient data warehousing environments.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACTS OF MARINE POLLUTION ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
Mkanga Mbaraka, Dr. Werneld E. Ngongi
Abstract: This research assess the impacts of marine pollution on the sustainability of ecosystems at Tanga Port, Tanzania, focusing specifically on oil spills, waste and sewage, ballast water discharge, and the efficacy of regulatory frameworks. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, incorporating survey questionnaires distributed to 80 stakeholders, including ship operators, owners, ecologists, and regulatory officials, alongside qualitative interviews to gather experiential insights. The objective of the study was to identify the ecological consequences of pollution, evaluate the impacts of ballast water, and propose strategies for enhancing sustainable marine pollution management in Tanzania. The results indicated that oil spills, waste and sewage, and ballast water discharge are widely regarded as significant threats to marine biodiversity, aquatic habitats, and the stability of the food chain. Analyses of reliability and validity confirmed that the measurement instruments were reliable, while regression analyses revealed that perceptions of oil, sewage, waste pollution, and ballast water impacts were strong and positive predictors of environmental awareness and proactive behaviors. Overall, the model accounted for 55% of the variance in stakeholder engagement (R² = 0.55). Further analysis showed high levels of awareness regarding local (96.25%) and international (90%) safety regulations among vessel operators, with substantial evidence of regular engagement and inspections by regulatory authorities. Nonetheless, deficiencies in enforcement capacity, particularly concerning ballast water treatment and oil spill response infrastructure, persist as critical issues. The study concludes that although Tanzania has achieved significant progress in regulatory compliance and stakeholder awareness, enhanced institutional capacity, investment in infrastructure, and stricter enforcement are crucial.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACTS OF DIGITALIZATION ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SUPPLY CHAIN FUNCTIONS IN THE RETAIL SECTOR OF TANZANIA
Neema Motte Sanga, Dr. Msabaha Juma Mwendapole
Abstract: The study evaluates the effects of digitalization on the efficiency of supply chain functions in the retail sector of Tanzania, specifically focusing on the Azam Bakhresa Group. As technology advances, retail supply chains face increasing demands to incorporate innovations like artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and electronic procurement systems, such as TANePS. The research aims to evaluate how these technologies affect supply chain transparency, efficiency, responsiveness, and overall customer satisfaction in the Tanzanian context. Utilizing a descriptive research design and a mixed-methods approach, the study drew data from 80 respondents, including supply chain professionals, IT specialists, procurement officers, and retail managers, through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative responses were thematically analyzed to provide depth to the numerical findings. Results indicated a strong consensus on the positive impact of digital tools. Over 95% of respondents recognized that emerging technologies enhance supply chain visibility, accountability, and responsiveness.
Fatal Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever with Multi-Organ Failure: A Case Report from Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
M.M.S.S.K Nawaneliya, Y.M.S.S.Yapa, WMNKL Wijesuriya
Abstract: Background: Dengue Fever is the most geographically widespread arthropod-borne disease. It can present a variety of clinical spectra varying from asymptomatic illness to dengue shock syndrome.
Case Presentation: 42-year-old female patient who has presented with a three-day history of fever and subsequently developed dengue hemorrhagic fever with multi-organ failure. Despite intensive care management, the patient died three days after admission to a tertiary care hospital.
Conclusion: Early recognition of dengue hemorrhagic fever and appropriate management during the critical phase are crucial.
Design and Analysis of an Aerodynamic Downforce Enhancement Devices for a Race Car
B. Ariyasinghe, K.A.D. Peiris, G.G.D.M. Pathirana , E.G.K.T. Wijerathna
Abstract: The research, titled "Design and Analysis of an Aerodynamic Downforce Enhancement Device for a Race Car," focuses on the implementation and optimization of a ducted fan system to actively generate a low-pressure area beneath the car, thereby enhancing aerodynamic downforce. This innovative approach involves the use of two ducted fans strategically positioned to pull air from underneath the car, channeling it through the underside of the rear wing to maximize rear downforce efficiency. The primary objectives of the study were to increase overall downforce, elevate cornering speeds, optimize drag, and enhance safety measures.
Conversion of Petrol Engines to Oxy-Hydrogen Fuel Systems: A Comprehensive Study on Water Electrolysis and Engine Modifications
B. Ariyasinghe, H.S.S. Wickramasinghe, U.S. Wanniarachchi, K.P.D.D. Aroshan
Abstract: This paper explores the potential of using an Oxy-Hydrogen mixture as an alternative fuel extracted from the water, considering the impending depletion of petroleum fuel. The demand for fossil fuel is increasing, but estimates suggest it will be exhausted before the 2060s. If this occurs, all conventional fuel vehicles will become obsolete. Our research primarily focuses on converting existing petrol engines to run on an Oxy-Hydrogen mixture with slight modifications done to the engine. This study encompasses the production of the Oxy-Hydrogen mixture, lubrication of the fuel system, cooling of the electrolysis process, charging of the battery
Design and Implementation of an Automatic Power Transfer System for a Solar-Powered Walking Tractor
B. Ariyasinghe, H. Lakruwan, S. Ariyasinghe
Abstract: Small-scale farming operations are significantly dependent on diesel-powered walking tractors, resulting in high fuel consumption, elevated operational costs, and considerable greenhouse gas emissions (Smith et al., 2018). To mitigate these challenges, this research presents the development of a power-assisted solar-powered walking tractor featuring an automatic power transfer mechanism (Wang et al., 2020).
Ayurvedic Management of Oligospermia on Fertility Enhancement: A Case Report from Sri Lanka
Fernando KAB, Wakkumbura HP
Abstract: Male infertility contributes to nearly half of all infertility cases worldwide, with Oligospermia being a common cause. Garbha Sambhava Samagri is a foundational concept in Ayurveda, delineating the essential factors for successful conception and healthy fetal development as Ritu (Fertile Period), Kshetra (uterus), Ambu (Nutrition) and Beeja (Gametes). Beeja are the male and female reproductive elements of Shukra (sperm) and Artava (ovum), which must be unvitiated and of optimal quality for conception. Ayurveda describes low sperm count as Ksheena Shukra or Shukrakshaya, often attributed to Vata and Pitta vitiation.
Human Resource Information Systems in Human Resource Management
ZEINEB BENIBRAHIM
Abstract: Modern and efficient HR requires a powerful IT infrastructure. Companies HR departments have long since outgrown the role of mere personnel administrators. HR is both a business partner and a business enabler. The human resources department is evolving into the role of pacesetter for digitalization and initiating internal modernization processes.
