Abstract: The purpose of this review is to discuss the Sri Lankan perspective of protected agriculture and to review the necessity and possibility of adopting protected agriculture in Sri Lanka. Crop cultivation under protective covers is termed as protected agriculture and it is a subset of controlled environment agriculture and the micro-climate of a crop is fully or partially modified and or controlled depending on the extent of technology applied. Protected cultivation has gained significant attention at present due to frequently occurring adverse environmental conditions, rapidly declining arable lands and the necessity of increased productivity. Protected agriculture delivers the benefits of improved quality and productivity and year round production despite the additional investments incurred. Sri Lanka being located in the tropical belt with year round favorable weather and optimal soil conditions, had been rather stable in open field cultivation. Protected cultivation is practiced for high value export crops and seedling production. Even though attempts have been made to establish protected cultivation, it has not been sustained due to various reasons.