Abstract: Eritrea is an independent African state which is found in the horn Africa. Eritrea is located in very strategic position that attracted foreign colonizers.. Red sea long distance helps to have good trade relations with other neighbors, European and Asian countries through the red sea, since ancient times. Italian rule lasted till 1941. After the defeat of the Italians by the allied powers in World War II British military administration hold the territory that lasted from 1941 up to 1952. Afterwards the United Nations decided Eritrea to be federate with Ethiopia as concession between Ethiopian claims for annexation and Eritrea demand for independence. Finally the Ethiopian emperor,HaileSellasie ended Eritrean autonomy in 1962and Eritrea become Ethiopian fourteenth province.