Abstract: The need to maximize farm productivity through efficient use of light energy and soil resource is necessary in attempts to increase food production and mitigate climate change. This study evaluated the productivity of traditional upland rice and legume intercrops planted singly and in combinations under a coconut-based farming system. A split-plot design composed of two factors with three replications was used. The main plots were traditional upland rice varieties (Kalutak, Malido, Mansanaya, San Pedro, and PSB Rc 10 as check variety) while sub-plots were legume intercrops (peanut, mungbean, soybean, and no intercrop as control). Growth and yield of crops and return on investment (ROI) were gathered to determine productivity. Results revealed that Malido with no intercrop produced the tallest plant, while most tillers were from plots without intercrop. Highest dry grain yield of rice (1.42 t ha-1) was taken from plots grown to San Pedro with no intercrop. Highest dry grain yield of legumes was from plots with Mansanaya + soybean (0.94 t ha-1) and PSB Rc 10 + mungbean (0.92 t ha-1). Highest ROI (344.40%) was from plots with PSB Rc 10 + mungbean.